Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque
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| Abd Allah ibn Abbas Mosque | |
|---|---|
Arabic: مَسْجِد عَبْد ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْعَبَّاس | |
 The mosque in 2017 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Sunni Islam |
| Region | Mecca Province |
| Location | |
| Location | Taif |
| Country |  Saudi Arabia |
  Location in Saudi Arabia  Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque (Middle East)  Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque (West and Central Asia) | |
| Geographic coordinates | 21°13′N 40°30′E / 21.217°N 40.500°E |
| Architecture | |
| Style | Islamic architecture |
| Date established |
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Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد عَبْد ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْعَبَّاس, romanized: Masjid ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās) is a historic mosque located in the city of Taif within the Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia. The mosque is named after Ibn Abbas, who is buried within the grounds of the mosque.
History
[edit]The original mosque was constructed in 630, at the site where a demolished temple, the Kaaba-type shrine of the goddess al-Lat once stood.[1] Another tradition relates that the mosque is also built over a site where the Islamic prophet Muhammad prayed.[2][3] Either way, the construction of the mosque is dated to around 630 and is contemporary to the life of Muhammad.[4][5] A cemetery for the martyrs of those in the siege of Banu Thaqif was established in the same year, on the eastern side of the mosque. The youngest cousin of Muhammad and early Islamic scholar, Ibn Abbas, was buried at the cemetery in 687, followed by the burial of the fourth Kaysani leader, Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya in the year 700.[3][4][5]
Abbasid period
[edit]During the reign of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mustadi, the mosque was rebuilt and then renamed in the name of Ibn Abbas.[3][4][5] A domed mausoleum was then constructed around the grave of Ibn Abbas. Subsequent renovations defined the shape of the mosque and is the basis of the present-day structure.[4][5]
Mamluk period
[edit]The adjoining cemetery was in use until the rule of the Mamluk Sultanate when Zayd ibn Muhsin, the Sharif of Mecca under the Mamluks, forbade any more burials at the site in 1661, as the capacity of the cemetery was almost full. In 1671, a wall was built which separated the cemetery and Ibn Abbas' tomb from the mosque building.[4][5]
Ottoman period and later Saudi rule
[edit]In 1813, the Swiss traveller Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, who was visiting the Arabian Peninsula just after the takeover of the city by Muhammad Ali Pasha, described the mosque as being in ruin, while the domed mausoleum over Ibn Abbas' tomb had been destroyed by the Wahhabis.[6] In the later years of the Ottoman rule, the mausoleum was repaired with a new wooden cenotaph over the grave and an iron zarih built around the grave.[4][5]
After Ibn Saud had taken control of the whole of Saudi Arabia, the mausoleums that still existed in his territory, including Mecca and Medina, were demolished. The mosque and mausoleum were demolished and then rebuilt in 1958, this time the grave was returned to its original state without a dome over it.[4][5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ al-Sijistani, Abu Dawood. "Sunan Abu Dawood, Book of Prayer: Hadith 450". Sunnah.com.
- ^ Alattar, D.M. (18 April 2012). "Removing the confusion about the history of Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque in Taif". Al Madina.
- ^ a b c Al-Hatemi, Aqeel (7 July 2015). "The Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque in Taif tells the story of a fourteen centuries before". Saudi Press Agency.
- ^ a b c d e f g Abdel Salam, Yasser Ismail (April 2024). "Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas Mosque and the stages of the reconstruction in the period (808–1917 AD)". A New Vision. 25 (3): 149–211 – via Egyptian Knowledge Bank.
- ^ a b c d e f g Al-Zahrani (9 December 2011). "The location of the grave of 'Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas raises controversy". Okaz Newspaper. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
- ^ Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig (1829). Travels in Arabia (Chapter 3). New Burlington Street: Henry Colburn. Archived from the original on 25 August 2008.
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